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Carya ovata

This plant is not currently for sale.  This is an archive page preserved for informational use.

The Shagbark Hickory is a stately deciduous tree important in the Oak-Hickory Forests of Eastern North America. It is easily recognizable due to its bark, which peels off in large, loose strips. It commonly has a narrow, oval crown and grows to a height of eighty to one hundred feet or more. The leaves of Shagbark Hickory are glossy and dark green, one to two feet long. They are alternate, pinnately compound, usually with five toothed leaflets that turn bright shades of yellow in fall. The timber is heavy, hard, and tough, used to make implements requiring strength, including axes, axe-handles, and bows for native American Indians. The fruit are showy and roundish, and produce edible seeds. These high-value seeds are rich in fat and protein and low in carbohydrates, sweet and nourishing. They thus are important in the diets of many forest animals. They were a dietary staple of Native Americans, as described in William Bartram’s Travels of 1791.

Key Info

Scientific Name: Carya ovata (Mill.) K. Koch
Common Names: Shagbark Hickory
Plant Type:
Light Requirement: , ,
Moisture Requirement: , ,
Leaf Retention:
Bloom Times: ,
Flower Color: Yellowish green, inconspicuous

Additional Info

Habit: Tall, straight-trunked tree with oblong crown and tap root and spreading lateral roots; bark becomes very markedly shaggy on adult trees
Height: typically 60'-80' but can reach 120'
Spread: 25'-35'
Soil Conditions: average to moist (but well drained); deep loam or clay loam
Leaves: Altnernate, pinnately compund with 5 (rarely 7) elliptic leaflets with toothed margins, 3-8 inches long, the terminal leaflet being the largest and the lower pair of leaves the smallest; the upper surface is deep yellow-green, the underside paler; excellent yellow fall color.
Flowers (or reproductive structures: Flowering is monoecious, with male flowers in 3-to 6-inch catkins drooping in groups of 3 and female flowers occurring in short greenish spikes of 2-3 flowers each at the tips of young shoots.
Fruit: Fruit is a sweet, edible nut within a husk 1.5 - 2", oval, 4-ribbed, green ripening to brown in the fall. Trees begin bearing fruit at around 40 years of age.
Natural Distribution: Shaded woods, stream banks,swamps, flood plains
USDA Hardiness Zone: 4 to 8
USDA Wetland Indicator Status in NC: FACU
Pollination: Wind
Wildlife Connections: Seeds provide food for many mammals (chipmunks, foxes, mice, rabbits, raccoons, squirrels) and large birds (turkeys, pheasants, crows, woodpeckers). The vast number of insects that feed on these trees (caterpillars of many butterflies and moths, beetles, weevils, leafhoppres) in turn draws a whole array of smaller, insect-feeding birds (flycatchers, vireos, chickadees, gnatcatchers, warblers, tanagers) (Illinoiswildflowers.info).
Propagation: By seed.